Triphala Soap Bar (Buathong)

Triphala Soap Bar (Buathong)

Product Name: Мыло Трипхала, Triphala Soap Bar, Triphala Seifenstück, Jabón de Triphala, Savon Triphala, صابون تريفالا, สบู่ตรีผลา, Triphala sovun, Трифала самын, Triphala sabunu, Соби Трифала, Triphala muilas, Triphala ziepes, Мило Трифала, סבון טריפלה

Main Indications for Triphala Soap Bar: Acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis, folliculitis of bacterial etiology, superficial pyoderma, localized hyperkeratosis, post-inflammatory dyschromia, actinic keratosis in early stages.

Indications for Triphala Soap Bar as Part of Therapeutic Regimens: Chronic eczema, vulgar psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, limited neurodermatitis, dermatomycosis of smooth skin, skin melanoma, basal cell skin carcinoma, squamous cell skin carcinoma, rosacea, complicated forms of acne conglobata, chronic ulcerative skin lesions of infectious etiology.

Main Pharmacological Properties of Triphala Soap Bar: Antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, seborrheic-regulating, mild keratolytic, wound-healing, tonic, deodorizing, antiproliferative, photoprotective.

Composition of Triphala Soap Bar: Water, Sodium Cocoate, Sodium Stearate, Propylene Glycol, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, Sodium Cocamidopropyl Betaine, Glycerin, Titanium Dioxide, Sodium Chloride, Disodium EDTA, BHT, Lauramine Oxide, Phenoxyethanol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Extract, Terminalia chebula Fruit Extract, Terminalia bellirica Fruit Extract, Garcinia mangostana Peel Extract, Fragrance.

Functions of the Components in Triphala Soap Bar:

• Water — Solvent, soap base.
• Sodium Cocoate — Foaming agent, cleanser.
• Sodium Stearate — Stabilizer and structurant for soap.
• Propylene Glycol — Humectant, retains moisture in the skin.
• Sodium Lauryl Sulfate — Surfactant, enhances cleansing.
• Sodium Cocamidopropyl Betaine — Mild co-surfactant, reduces irritation from SLS.
• Glycerin — Humectant and skin softener.
• Titanium Dioxide — White pigment, visual product stability.
• Sodium Chloride — Viscosity regulator.
• Disodium EDTA — Chelating agent, stabilizes the composition.
• BHT — Antioxidant, prevents oxidation.
• Lauramine Oxide — Foam stabilizer.
• Phenoxyethanol — Preservative.
• Ethylhexylglycerin — Antimicrobial stabilizer.
• Phyllanthus emblica Fruit Extract — Source of vitamin C, antioxidant, brightening action.
• Terminalia chebula Fruit Extract — Antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory action.
• Terminalia bellirica Fruit Extract — Keratolytic and antioxidant action.
• Garcinia mangostana Peel Extract — Antimicrobial and antiproliferative action, especially against skin pathogens.
• Fragrance — Fragrances the product.

Product Form of Triphala Soap Bar: Solid soap bar, weight 70 g. Contains a mixture of surfactants, humectants, antioxidants, and plant extracts (amla Phyllanthus emblica, haritaki Terminalia chebula, bibhitaki Terminalia bellirica, mangosteen Garcinia mangostana).

Dosage of Triphala Soap Bar

Standard Dosage for Triphala Soap Bar: Applied 1–2 times per day for mild to moderate acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis, superficial folliculitis. Use in the morning and evening, applying lather to moist facial or body skin for 1–2 minutes, then rinse thoroughly with water.

Intensified Dosage for Triphala Soap Bar: Applied 2–3 times per day for exacerbation of acne conglobata, superficial pyoderma, localized hyperkeratosis, post-inflammatory dyschromia. Use during the day with foam exposure on the skin for up to 3 minutes, then rinse. Combination with topical antibacterial and keratolytic agents is possible.

Maximum Dosage for Triphala Soap Bar: Applied up to 4 times per day for pronounced pustular skin lesions, complicated forms of acne vulgaris, deep layer folliculitis. Foam exposure up to 5 minutes. Use under the supervision of a dermatologist.

Pediatric Dosage for Triphala Soap Bar: Approved for use in children over 6 years of age weighing more than 20 kg. Applied no more than once a day for adolescent acne, mild folliculitis. Foam exposure no more than 1 minute, use only under adult supervision. Data on use in children under 6 years of age are not scientifically recorded.

Prophylactic Dosage for Triphala Soap Bar: Application once a day in the evening for chronic dermatoses (seborrheic dermatitis, eczema, psoriasis), in patients with oily and problem skin for relapse prevention. Recommended in courses of 3–4 weeks with breaks.

Contraindications for Triphala Soap Bar: Allergic reactions to components (extracts of Terminalia spp., Phyllanthus emblica, Garcinia mangostana, surfactants). Data on contraindications during pregnancy, lactation, and in children under 6 years of age are not scientifically recorded.

Side Effects of Triphala Soap Bar: Scientifically recorded: dry skin, feeling of tightness, local irritation, contact dermatitis with hypersensitivity. With overdose (excessively frequent application, exposure over 10 minutes), worsening of dry skin and microcracks are possible.

Adjustment for Patient Body Weight: Patients with body weight below 60 kg — limit application to 1–2 times per day. Patients with body weight above 60 kg — application up to 3–4 times per day is allowed if indicated.

Storage Conditions for Triphala Soap Bar: Store at temperatures from +5 °C to +25 °C, in a dry place protected from direct sunlight, excluding exposure to sources of electromagnetic radiation. Shelf life — 2 years from the date of manufacture. After opening the package, use within 12 months.

Toxicity and Biosafety — Triphala Soap Bar

According to available data on individual components included in the drug, acute toxic effects occur only with oral intake in doses significantly exceeding possible topical application. For Phyllanthus emblica extract, LD₅₀ in rats is more than 5 g/kg body weight (oral); for Terminalia chebula extract, LD₅₀ exceeds 3 g/kg body weight (oral); for Terminalia bellirica extract, LD₅₀ is about 3.5 g/kg body weight (oral); for mangosteen peel extract (Garcinia mangostana), LD₅₀ > 5 g/kg body weight (oral). Auxiliary substances (glycerin, sodium salts of fatty acids, titanium dioxide) belong to the category of low-toxicity substances and are considered safe for topical application.

The cumulative modeled toxicity of the entire complex of components in the "Triphala Soap" allows it to be classified as a substance with low toxicity (LD₅₀ > 5 g/kg body weight with oral administration). With topical application in therapeutic doses, the drug is biologically safe, does not possess cumulative toxic action, and does not cause systemic effects.

Synergy — Triphala Soap Bar

The "Triphala" formula combines three botanical components: Phyllanthus emblica, Terminalia chebula, and Terminalia bellirica. Their combination is considered pharmacologically synergistic in several directions. The key effect is related to the enhancement of antioxidant activity due to the high concentration of phenolic compounds and tannins present in all three species, but in different proportions. When the extracts are used together, a potentiating effect on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and an increase in the level of endogenous antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase) has been identified.

Synergy is also manifested in the modulation of inflammatory cascades: T. chebula is rich in chebulic acid, which inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, while P. emblica contains gallic and ellagic acids that enhance this effect by suppressing NF-κB signaling. The complementary effect of T. bellirica is associated with the presence of gallotannins, capable of stabilizing cell membranes and reducing the production of free radicals. Collectively, their action has a potentiating and modulating character, aimed at maintaining tissue homeostasis and regulating oxidative stress reactions.

The addition of Garcinia mangostana peel extract expands the synergy spectrum due to the presence of the xanthone α-mangostin. Studies have shown that α-mangostin enhances the antibacterial action of phenolic acids from Terminalia and Phyllanthus against a number of skin microorganisms. An additive and partially potentiating interaction is observed, expressed in lower concentrations required to inhibit bacterial growth. Furthermore, mangosteen xanthones demonstrate protective synergism with gallotannins, reducing the likelihood of damage to cellular structures under oxidative stress.

The total pharmacological profile of the complex can be considered as multi-faceted synergy, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory vectors. Mechanistically, this is realized through the joint inhibition of inflammatory mediators (cytokines, prostaglandins), regulation of antioxidant defense gene expression, and stabilization of cell membranes. The general nature of the interaction is predominantly potentiating and modulating, with pronounced tissue specificity regarding the skin.

References:
- Baliga MS et al. "Triphala, Ayurvedic formulation for treating and preventing cancer: a review." J Altern Complement Med. 2010.
- Sandhya T et al. "Potential of traditional ayurvedic formulation, Triphala, as a novel anticancer drug." Cancer Lett. 2006.
- Pedraza-Chaverri J et al. "Cellular mechanisms of mangosteen xanthones against oxidative stress and inflammation." Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2013.

Pharmacodynamics of Triphala Soap Bar

The pharmacodynamic profile is determined by the interaction of phenolic compounds, tannins, and xanthones. Phyllanthus emblica extract contains ascorbic acid, gallic and ellagic acids, which have a pronounced antioxidant effect. Their mechanism is associated with the inactivation of free radicals, increased activity of antioxidant enzymes, and protection of cell membrane lipids.

Terminalia chebula is characterized by a high content of chebulic and gallic acids, which exhibit a modulating effect on inflammatory mediators, including reduced expression of the transcription factor NF-κB and inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokine synthesis. This contributes to a reduction in the intensity of inflammatory reactions and the regulation of cellular cascades.

Terminalia bellirica is rich in gallotannins, which exhibit a stabilizing effect on cell membranes and regulate lipid peroxidation processes. Simultaneously, an influence on the expression of antioxidant proteins, including detoxification enzymes, is noted.

Garcinia mangostana peel extract contains xanthones, mainly α-mangostin, which has a pronounced antimicrobial and antioxidant effect. Its pharmacodynamic influence is manifested in the suppression of bacterial enzyme activity, disruption of microorganism cell wall integrity, and regulation of apoptotic pathways in skin cells.

In combination, these substances realize a local tissue-specific action primarily on the skin. Key directions of pharmacodynamics include: antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, membrane-stabilizing, and modulating effects. Their general mechanism can be characterized as a multi-level influence on cellular mediators and enzymes involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, and maintenance of the skin's barrier function.

References:
- Srikumar R et al. "Immunomodulatory activity of Triphala on neutrophil functions." Biol Pharm Bull. 2005.
- Saleem A et al. "Antioxidant potential of extracts from different parts of mangosteen fruit." Food Chem. 2009.
- Phetkate P et al. "Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Terminalia species." Phytother Res. 2012.

Pharmacokinetics of Triphala Soap Bar

The pharmacokinetic characteristics of the drug are determined primarily by the transdermal route of administration, as the agent is applied topically in the form of soap. Absorption of active compounds occurs mainly through the stratum corneum of the epidermis, where hydrophilic components are retained in the superficial layers, and lipophilic phenolic derivatives can penetrate deeper, accumulating in the lipid interstices of cell membranes. Tannins and polyphenols exhibit limited permeability through intact epidermis; however, they are able to interact with surface microflora and epidermal cells, forming a protective barrier.

After partial absorption through the skin, low-molecular-weight compounds are distributed locally, mainly in the epidermis and superficial layers of the dermis. Possible penetration into the systemic circulation is limited to small amounts. If components come into contact with mucous membranes (e.g., when washing the face), bioavailability may increase, as mucous membranes have higher permeability to polyphenols and xanthones.

Metabolism of active substances is realized through skin enzyme systems, including cytochrome P450 and esterases, leading to the formation of less active or conjugated metabolites. If small amounts enter the systemic circulation, further metabolism in the liver involving glucuronidation and sulfation is possible. Interaction with skin microflora plays a key role, as bacterial enzymes can modify tannins and flavonoids, enhancing their antimicrobial and antioxidant action locally.

Elimination of active substances after topical application occurs mainly through washing off the preparation and its residues from the skin surface, as well as with sweat and sebum. Small systemic amounts of metabolites are excreted predominantly by the kidneys (with urine) and partially with bile. For xanthones and tannins, the possibility of deposition in skin tissues has been described, which may cause a prolonged action even after short-term contact.

References:
- Roberts MS et al. "Dermal absorption and disposition of topically applied drugs: pharmacokinetic considerations." Clin Pharmacokinet. 2002.
- Aqil F et al. "Bioavailability of polyphenols in humans: challenges and opportunities." Nutr Cancer. 2012.
- Rainsford KD et al. "Skin metabolism and the role of skin in drug disposition." Pharmacol Ther. 2017.

Mechanisms of Action and Scientific Justification: Triphala Soap Bar

Liver and Gastrointestinal Tract. Active compounds of Phyllanthus emblica (ascorbic acid, gallic acid), Terminalia chebula, and Terminalia bellirica (tannins, phenolic acids) demonstrate lipotropic and antioxidant action, modulating cytochrome P450 enzymes, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. These compounds exhibit an additive nature of interaction, contribute to the regulation of redox balance and the detoxification activity of the liver.
Reference: Baliga MS et al. "Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Triphala." J Altern Complement Med. 2010.

Immune System. Tannins and polyphenols of Terminalia spp. exhibit a modulating effect on macrophages and neutrophils, reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α) and simultaneously stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory mediators. The nature of the interaction is potentiating, due to the combination of phenolic acids and xanthones from Garcinia mangostana. This leads to a cellular and tissue-specific effect aimed at stabilizing immune reactions.
Reference: Srikumar R et al. "Immunomodulatory activity of Triphala on neutrophil functions." Biol Pharm Bull. 2005.

Nervous System. Flavonoid components have an antioxidant effect on neuronal cells and can modulate MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways, which contributes to protection against oxidative stress. The interaction is modulating in nature and manifests primarily at the cellular level.
Reference: Sandhya T et al. "Potential of traditional ayurvedic formulation Triphala as a novel drug." Cancer Lett. 2006.

Endocrine and Metabolic Regulation. Polyphenols of Phyllanthus emblica and xanthones of Garcinia mangostana influence the regulation of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism through the activation of the AMPK cascade and modulation of insulin signaling receptor expression. The effect has an additive character, the level of action is systemic and cellular, targets are glycolysis and lipolysis enzymes.
Reference: Pedraza-Chaverri J et al. "Cellular mechanisms of mangosteen xanthones against oxidative stress and inflammation." Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2013.

Skin and Integumentary Tissues. The combined action of gallotannins and xanthones is manifested in the suppression of COX-2 and LOX enzyme activity, inhibition of NF-κB signaling, and stabilization of keratinocyte cell membranes. The interaction is potentiating and protective in nature, providing a pronounced tissue-specific action.
Reference: Phetkate P et al. "Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Terminalia species." Phytother Res. 2012.